handverkfæri

Handverkfæri, or hand tools, are tools used primarily by hand without external power sources. They are used across crafts and trades, enabling shaping, assembling, measuring, and fastening in construction, metalworking, woodworking, and domestic repair. The term handverkfæri is Icelandic for hand tools.

Common categories include cutting tools (saws, chisels, punches), shaping tools (planes, rasps, files), striking tools (hammers, mauls, mallets), fastening tools (screwdrivers, pliers, wrenches, riveters), and measuring/marking tools (tapes, rules, squares, levels, marking gauges). Each category encompasses specialized designs for different materials and tasks, from carpentry to metal fabrication to plumbing.

Design and materials vary, but most hand tools have a hardened steel working surface and a handle of wood, plastic, or composite. Ergonomics and balance are emphasized to reduce fatigue and increase control; many tools are designed for left- or right-handed use. Quality can influence precision, durability, and ease of maintenance.

Historically, hand tools evolved from simple stone and wood implements to metalworking tools in the Bronze and Iron Ages. Pre-industrial workshops relied on a full suite of hand tools; the advent of mass production and standardized tools in the 19th century increased availability and consistency. Today, hand tools are complemented by power tools, though skilled use of hand tools remains essential in many crafts.

Care and safety: keep tools clean and dry, sharpen edges when appropriate, oil moving parts, and store properly. Inspect for damage; use personal protective equipment and follow manufacturer guidelines to prevent injuries.