hüdroksiidiooniks

hüdroksiidiooniks is the Finnish term for the hydroxide ion. The hydroxide ion is an anion with the chemical formula OH⁻. It is formed by the dissociation of a base in water, or by the removal of a proton from a water molecule. This ion consists of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom, with an overall negative charge. The negative charge arises from an excess electron. Hydroxide ions are fundamental to the concept of basicity in aqueous solutions. A higher concentration of hydroxide ions compared to hydrogen ions (H⁺) indicates an alkaline or basic solution. Conversely, a lower concentration signifies an acidic solution. Hydroxide ions are involved in a wide range of chemical reactions, including neutralization reactions where they react with acids to form water and a salt. They also play a crucial role in many biological processes. In industrial chemistry, hydroxide ions are utilized in processes such as soap manufacturing and the refining of aluminum. The presence and concentration of hydroxide ions are often measured using pH scales.