gravid

Gravid is an adjective meaning pregnant, used in medical, veterinary, and biological contexts. It comes from the Latin gravis, meaning heavy or laden, reflecting the sense of carrying a developing young or embryos.

In obstetrics, the term is used to describe a person who is currently pregnant or has a history of pregnancy. The noun forms gravidity and gravida are used to discuss pregnancy history and status. Gravidity is the total number of pregnancies a person has had, including the current one if applicable. A person who has never been pregnant is described as nulligravida; a person pregnant for the first time is primigravida; a woman who has been pregnant more than once is multigravida.

Parity is a related concept indicating the number of pregnancies carried to a viable gestational age. Terms such as nullipara, primipara, and multipara are used to describe parity status: a nullipara has not carried a pregnancy to viability, a primipara has carried one such pregnancy, and a multipara has had two or more.

In zoological contexts, gravid describes a female animal carrying eggs or developing embryos, such as a gravid insect or fish. In clinical practice, the term appears in patient records and obstetric scoring but is less common in everyday language.