granulados

Granulados, or granules, are solid particles of intermediate size between powders and larger aggregates. They are typically formed by agglomeration or crystallization and are characterized by a defined size distribution, often specified by sieving (for example, fractions such as 0.2–0.6 mm, 0.6–1.0 mm, etc.). Granulados can be produced from a wide range of materials, including minerals, chemicals, polymers, foods, and pharmaceuticals, and their properties are tailored to specific applications.

Common production methods include granulation, where a binder is used to bind smaller particles into larger granules; extrusion-spheronization, which forms cylindrical or spherical particles; spray-drying, which converts a liquid feed into dry granules; roller compaction, and crystallization processes. The resulting granules exhibit properties such as bulk density, porosity, flowability, moisture content, and solubility, all of which influence handling, mixing, and performance in end use.

Applications of granulosos vary by sector. In agriculture, granular fertilizers and pesticides are favored for controlled release, ease of handling, and targeted application. In pharmaceuticals, granules are used to formulate tablets and capsules, offering improved flow, uniform dose distribution, and controlled dissolution. Food products include instant beverages, dehydrated soups, and sugar or salt granules. Granulated detergents and catalysts or adsorbents in chemical processing also rely on granular forms. Environmental and safety considerations include dust generation, moisture sensitivity, and the potential for caking or segregation, which are managed through formulation, packaging, and storage controls.