glytsiin

Glycine is the simplest of the proteinogenic amino acids, with the chemical formula NH2CH2COOH. It is also known by its IUPAC name aminoacetic acid. Glycine is one of the twenty standard amino acids that are used by organisms to synthesize proteins. It is a non-essential amino acid, meaning the human body can synthesize it on its own.

In terms of its chemical structure, glycine is unique among the amino acids because it has a hydrogen atom as its side chain. This makes it achiral, meaning it is not optically active. This small size and lack of a complex side chain allow glycine to fit into tight spaces within protein structures and contribute to flexibility in protein chains.

Glycine plays several important roles in the body. It is a precursor for the synthesis of various important molecules, including porphyrins (which are components of hemoglobin), purines (building blocks of DNA and RNA), and creatine (involved in energy production in muscles). Glycine also acts as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, primarily functioning as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord and brainstem.

Dietary sources of glycine include protein-rich foods such as meat, fish, dairy products, and legumes. It can also be obtained through supplements. While generally considered safe, excessive intake of glycine supplements has been associated with gastrointestinal disturbances in some individuals.