gentamicinë

Gentamicin is an antibiotic that belongs to the aminoglycoside class. It is primarily used to treat serious bacterial infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. Gentamicin works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, which is essential for bacterial growth and survival. It is often administered intravenously or intramuscularly.

This antibiotic is effective against a range of pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. It is commonly prescribed for infections such as sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections. Due to its potential for side effects, gentamicin is typically reserved for moderate to severe infections or when other antibiotics are not effective.

The use of gentamicin requires careful monitoring. Its major side effects include ototoxicity (damage to the ear, leading to hearing loss or balance problems) and nephrotoxicity (kidney damage). These risks are dose-dependent and can be influenced by factors such as the duration of treatment and the patient's kidney function. Regular blood tests are often performed to ensure that the drug concentration remains within a therapeutic range and to minimize the risk of toxicity. Gentamicin is generally not effective against anaerobic bacteria.