genotüüb

Genotüüb is a term used in genetics to describe the genetic makeup of an individual organism. It refers to the specific set of alleles, or gene variants, that an organism possesses for a particular gene or a set of genes. This is in contrast to phenotype, which describes the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype with environmental factors. For example, if we consider a gene for eye color, the genotype would be the specific combination of alleles a person has for that gene (e.g., one allele for brown eyes and one for blue eyes), while the phenotype would be their actual eye color (e.g., brown eyes).

The genotype is inherited from an organism's parents. During sexual reproduction, each parent contributes one allele for each gene to their offspring. The combination of these alleles forms the offspring's genotype. Different combinations of alleles can lead to different phenotypes. For instance, some alleles may be dominant, meaning their trait is expressed even if only one copy is present, while others are recessive, requiring two copies to be expressed. Understanding an organism's genotype is crucial for studying inheritance patterns, genetic diseases, and evolutionary relationships. Geneticists use various techniques, such as DNA sequencing and genotyping, to determine an individual's genotype.