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genetikí

Genetikí, in Greek biology, refers to genetics, the science that studies heredity and variation in living organisms. It encompasses how traits are passed from parents to offspring, how genes influence development and health, and how genetic variation arises and is maintained in populations.

The field emerged from early work by Gregor Mendel on pea plants in the 19th century and

Key concepts include genes, alleles, genotypes, phenotypes, and the central dogma of molecular biology. Variation arises

Genetics informs medicine, including diagnosis, risk assessment, and gene therapy; agriculture and animal breeding; and forensic

Ethical, legal, and social implications address privacy, consent, equity in access to genetic information, and the

the
chromosomal
theory
of
inheritance
in
the
20th.
The
discovery
of
the
DNA
double
helix
in
1953
laid
the
molecular
basis
for
gene
transmission,
and
modern
genetics
integrates
molecular
biology
with
population
and
evolutionary
studies.
through
mutations,
genetic
recombination,
and
selection.
Epigenetic
factors
also
affect
gene
expression
without
changing
DNA
sequence,
influencing
traits
across
generations.
science
via
DNA
profiling.
Advances
in
sequencing
and
genome
editing,
such
as
CRISPR-Cas9,
enable
detailed
mapping
of
genomes
and
targeted
modification,
raising
scientific
and
ethical
considerations.
governance
of
gene
editing
and
data
sharing.
Genetikí
remains
a
dynamic
field
that
intersects
biology,
medicine,
and
society.