gastroenteritidou

Gastroenteritis is a common inflammatory condition affecting the stomach and intestines, typically characterized by symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sometimes fever. The disorder can result from infections caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites, as well as non-infectious triggers like food intolerances or irritants. Viral gastroenteritis, often referred to as the "stomach flu," is frequently caused by noroviruses or rotaviruses, while bacterial infections may stem from pathogens such as *Salmonella*, *E. coli*, or *Campylobacter*.

Symptoms usually develop within hours or days after exposure to the causative agent and typically resolve within a few days to a week, depending on the severity. Mild cases often require only supportive care, including hydration through oral rehydration solutions to replace lost fluids and electrolytes. Severe or prolonged symptoms, particularly in young children, the elderly, or immunocompromised individuals, may necessitate medical attention to prevent dehydration or complications.

Prevention involves maintaining good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing, avoiding contaminated food or water, and practicing safe food handling. Vaccines, such as those for rotavirus, can reduce the risk of certain viral infections. Treatment focuses on symptom relief, and antibiotics are generally reserved for bacterial infections confirmed by diagnostic testing.

Gastroenteritis is widespread and can occur in both developed and developing countries, often spreading rapidly in communities, schools, or healthcare settings. While generally self-limiting, proper management is essential to minimize discomfort and prevent complications.