gammasugárzást

Gammasugárzás, often referred to as gamma rays, is a form of electromagnetic radiation. It is the highest energy form of electromagnetic radiation, with wavelengths shorter than X-rays and much shorter than visible light. Gamma rays are produced by radioactive decay, nuclear reactions, and high-energy astrophysical phenomena. They are highly penetrating and can pass through significant amounts of matter. This property makes them useful in medical imaging and cancer treatment (radiotherapy), where they can be used to target and destroy cancerous cells.

However, due to their high energy, gamma rays are also ionizing radiation, meaning they have enough energy to remove electrons from atoms and molecules. This ionization can damage living tissue and DNA, leading to increased cancer risk and other health problems with prolonged or high-dose exposure. Therefore, precautions are taken to shield people and sensitive equipment from excessive gamma radiation. Sources of gamma radiation include certain radioisotopes used in industry and medicine, as well as cosmic events like supernovae and pulsars. Understanding the properties and sources of gammasugárzás is crucial for its safe and effective application in various fields.