fáziskülönbségnek

Fáziskülönbség, often translated as phase difference, is a concept used in physics and engineering to describe the difference in phase between two periodic waveforms. When two waves have the same frequency, their phase difference indicates how much one wave is ahead or behind the other. This difference can be expressed in degrees or radians. For example, if two waves are in phase, their phase difference is zero. If one wave peaks when the other is at its trough, they are 180 degrees (or pi radians) out of phase.

The phase difference is crucial in understanding phenomena like interference, where waves combine. Constructive interference occurs when waves are in phase, leading to a larger amplitude. Destructive interference happens when waves are out of phase, potentially canceling each other out. In electrical circuits, phase difference is important for alternating current (AC) signals, affecting power transfer and the behavior of components like inductors and capacitors.

Mathematically, if two sinusoidal waves are represented as y1(t) = A1 sin(ωt + φ1) and y2(t) = A2 sin(ωt + φ2), where A is amplitude, ω is angular frequency, t is time, and φ is the initial phase, the phase difference is Δφ = φ2 - φ1. This difference remains constant over time if the frequencies are the same.