funktioryhmäiden
Funktioryhmä, also known as a functional group, is a specific group of atoms or bonds within a molecule that is responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of that molecule. Different functional groups impart different properties to the molecules they are part of. For example, the hydroxyl group (-OH) is found in alcohols and is responsible for their polarity and ability to form hydrogen bonds. The carbonyl group (C=O) is characteristic of aldehydes and ketones, influencing their reactivity in addition reactions.
The presence and arrangement of functional groups dictate how a molecule will behave in chemical reactions,
Common examples of functional groups include carboxylic acids (-COOH), amines (-NH2), esters (-COO-), and ethers (-O-).