funktionalisointireaktio

Funktionalisointireaktio is a chemical reaction where a functional group is introduced into a molecule. This process modifies the chemical properties of the starting material, allowing for further reactions or altering its behavior. Functionalization can occur through various mechanisms, including substitution, addition, or elimination reactions. The specific functional group and the method of its introduction depend on the desired outcome and the nature of the substrate molecule. For example, a hydroxyl group might be added to a hydrocarbon to create an alcohol, or a halogen might be substituted onto an aromatic ring. These reactions are fundamental in organic synthesis, enabling the construction of complex molecules from simpler precursors. They play a crucial role in the production of pharmaceuticals, polymers, and various fine chemicals. Understanding and controlling functionalization reactions is essential for chemists aiming to design and synthesize new materials with specific properties. The regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of these reactions are often critical factors to consider.