fotovoltaïese

Fotovoltaïese, often shortened to PV, refers to the conversion of light into electricity using semiconducting materials. The fundamental principle behind this process is the photovoltaic effect, discovered by Alexandre Edmond Becquerel in 1839. When photons from sunlight strike a photovoltaic cell, they excite electrons within the semiconductor material. These freed electrons are then directed to flow in a specific direction, creating an electric current.

The most common type of photovoltaic cell is made from silicon, which is a semiconductor. These cells are typically assembled into larger units called solar panels. When multiple solar panels are connected, they form a solar array, capable of generating significant amounts of electricity. The electricity produced by PV systems is direct current (DC), which often needs to be converted to alternating current (AC) by an inverter for use in homes and businesses or for feeding into the electrical grid.

Photovoltaic technology plays a crucial role in renewable energy generation. Solar panels can be installed on rooftops, in large solar farms, or even integrated into building materials. The widespread adoption of PV systems contributes to reducing reliance on fossil fuels, thereby mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and combating climate change. Ongoing research and development continue to improve the efficiency and reduce the cost of photovoltaic technologies, making solar energy an increasingly accessible and sustainable power source.