formaalsemat

Formaalsemat is the Estonian comparative form of the adjective formaalne, meaning more formal. It is used to compare levels of formality between people, actions, styles, or communications. As with Estonian adjectives, formaalsemat is inflected to agree with the noun it modifies and with the case of the noun phrase, so its exact ending changes depending on the grammatical context.

In practice, formaalsemat tends to appear before a noun in genitive or partitive case, expressing a higher degree of formality. Common contexts include describing language, attire, or conduct in professional or ceremonial settings. For example, formaalsemat stiili might describe a more formal style, and formaalsemat kirja can refer to a more formal letter or message. The base comparative form is formaalsem, used in straightforward nominative singular phrases such as “see on formaalsem kui see” (this is more formal than that).

Usage notes:

- Formaalsemat is typically found in written or formal speech, where precise nuance about formality is important.

- In everyday conversation, speakers may use less marked forms such as formaalsem or simply formaalne, depending on context.

- The term is part of standard Estonian grammar and is commonly encountered in style guides, academic writing, business communication, and formal announcements.

See also: formaalne, formaalsem, formali keel ja kultuur.