flowsensorer

Flowsensorer, or flow sensors, are devices that measure the rate at which a fluid moves through a pipe, channel, or duct. They can record volumetric flow, mass flow, or both, and are used in process control, monitoring, and safety systems across many industries.

Most flow sensors operate on one of several physical principles. Differential-pressure meters use a constriction to convert flow into a pressure difference. Ultrasonic meters determine flow from transit time or Doppler shift of sound waves. Turbine or impeller meters rely on a rotor whose speed scales with flow. Coriolis meters measure mass flow by detecting forces on vibrating tubes. Thermal mass flow meters infer mass flow from the cooling effect of the fluid on a heated element. Electromagnetic meters require conductive liquids and measure the voltage generated by fluid motion. Vortex meters detect shed vortices behind a bluff body. Each method has applicability depending on fluid properties and installation constraints.

Applications include water supply and wastewater, chemical processing, oil and gas, food and beverage, HVAC, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Selection depends on fluid type (gas vs liquid), conductivity, temperature and pressure ranges, desired accuracy, and acceptable pressure drop.

Key performance factors include accuracy and repeatability, measurement range and turndown ratio, response time, environmental conditions, and the need for calibration or maintenance. Sensor installation considerations include pipe diameter, flow profile, orientation, presence of bubbles or particulates, and the need for straight run lengths. Calibration and traceability are achieved through reference standards and regular field checks. Many flow sensors are designed to meet industry-specific requirements, including hygienic or sanitary compatibility where relevant.