florigenösszetevknek

Florigen is a hypothetical mobile signal or molecule that is thought to be responsible for inducing flowering in plants. The concept of florigen was proposed to explain the long-distance transport of a flowering stimulus from leaves to the shoot apical meristem. While the precise chemical identity of florigen has remained elusive for decades, research has significantly advanced our understanding of its nature and function. It is now widely believed that florigen is not a single molecule but rather a complex interplay of several factors, primarily involving the mobile flowering-time genes such as CONSTANS (CO) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). These genes are expressed in the leaves and produce proteins that are then transported through the phloem to the meristems. Upon reaching the meristem, these signals interact with other regulatory pathways to initiate the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive development, leading to the formation of flowers. Environmental cues like day length and temperature influence the expression of these genes, thereby controlling the timing of flowering. The discovery of the role of FT proteins as a key component of the florigen signal has been a major breakthrough in plant science, allowing for a more molecular understanding of this fundamental developmental process.