flexionado

Flexionado is the past participle of flexionar in Spanish and Portuguese, used as an adjective to indicate that something is bent or curved. In linguistic terminology, the term also refers to a form of a word that carries grammatical information, such as tense, number, mood, or person, i.e., a flexión or forma flexionada of a lemma.

In anatomy and physiology, flexionado describes a body part that is bent at a joint. Common examples include a flexed elbow, a flexed knee, or a flexed wrist. The action that produces this state is called flexión, and the muscles responsible for bending a joint are generally referred to as flexores (flexors). Flexión is contrasted with extensión, which describes straightening a joint.

In linguistics, flexionado or forma flexionada refers to inflected forms of words. Verbs change form to express tense, aspect, mood, voice, person, and number (for example, hablar, hablo, hablaba, hablaré in Spanish). Nouns and adjectives also exhibit flexión by marking number and gender (gato vs. gatos; grande vs. grandes). The term helps distinguish words that carry grammatical information from invariables (palabras invariables) like some adverbs or prepositions.

The concept of flexión appears across languages that employ rich agreement and conjugation systems, though the specific morphology varies. Etymologically, flexión derives from the Latin flexio, related to bending. In medical and anatomical contexts, clear definitions of flexión types (e.g., flexión palmar, palmar flexion) are used to describe precise joint movements.