fjerkræ

Fjerkræ, or poultry, refers to domesticated birds kept for human food, primarily meat and eggs. The term encompasses several species, most notably chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus), ducks, geese, turkeys, and quail, as well as other farmyard birds in some contexts. Fjerkræ are raised in controlled environments rather than hunted in the wild.

Origins and domestication: Chickens were domesticated in Southeast Asia and spread worldwide. Ducks and geese were domesticated in Asia and Europe for eggs and meat; turkeys were domesticated in the Americas; quail and other species have different domestication histories.

Production and husbandry: Poultry farming uses housing systems from conventional cages to free-range; production is split into egg production by layers and meat production by broilers or other meat birds. Modern broilers reach market weight in about five to nine weeks; layers begin laying eggs around four to six months. Nutrition, hygiene, and biosecurity are essential.

Welfare and regulation: Welfare concerns include space, lighting, beak trimming, and culling of male chicks in some egg operations. Many countries regulate housing, handling, and labeling; welfare certifications exist. Avian influenza and other diseases pose risks to animals and trade.

Economic and cultural significance: Poultry is a major global food source; chicken meat and eggs account for a large share of protein consumption. The industry is highly industrialized in many regions, with ongoing debates about sustainability, antibiotic use, and animal welfare.