fisiócratas

Fisiócratas refers to an economic school of thought that emerged in France in the 18th century, primarily associated with thinkers like François Quesnay and Anne Robert Jacques Turgot. The core tenet of physiocracy was the belief that the wealth of nations was derived solely from the value of "land agriculture" or "land development." They argued that only agriculture created a net product, meaning it produced more than was consumed in its production. Other economic activities, such as manufacturing and trade, were considered "sterile" because they merely transformed existing wealth or moved it around without creating new value.

Physiocrats advocated for a laissez-faire, laissez-passer economic policy, meaning minimal government intervention in the economy. They believed that natural economic laws governed society and that these laws should be allowed to operate freely. Their ideal economic system involved a single tax levied on land rent, believing this would be the most equitable and efficient way to fund the state without distorting economic activity. They also championed free trade, arguing against mercantilist policies that restricted imports and exports. The physiocratic school, while influential for a period, was eventually superseded by classical economics, particularly the ideas of Adam Smith, who expanded the concept of wealth creation beyond agriculture.