fimosis

Phimosis is a condition where the foreskin of the penis cannot be retracted over the glans. In infants and young children, this is normal and the foreskin typically becomes retractable over time. However, in older children and adults, phimosis can be a medical issue.

There are two main types of phimosis: physiological and pathological. Physiological phimosis is the normal, non-retractile foreskin seen in infants. Pathological phimosis occurs later in life and can be caused by scarring, inflammation, or infection of the foreskin, often referred to as balanitis or balanoposthitis. This scarring can make the foreskin tight and difficult or impossible to pull back.

Symptoms of pathological phimosis include difficulty urinating, pain during erection, recurring infections of the glans or foreskin, and the inability to clean properly under the foreskin. While physiological phimosis usually resolves on its own, pathological phimosis may require medical intervention.

Treatment options for pathological phimosis depend on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. These can include topical steroid creams to help soften and stretch the foreskin, or surgical options such as a circumcision (removal of the foreskin) or a preputioplasty (a procedure to widen the foreskin opening). If left untreated, severe phimosis can lead to complications like urinary tract infections or paraphimosis, a condition where the foreskin becomes trapped behind the glans and cannot be returned to its normal position. It is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and appropriate treatment.