feszültségátalakító

A feszültségátalakító, also known as a transformer, is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between circuits through electromagnetic induction. It is widely used in power systems to step up or step down voltages, enabling efficient transmission of electricity over long distances. Transformers operate on the principle of Faraday's law of induction, which states that a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) in a conductor.

The primary components of a transformer include two or more coils wound around a common core, typically made of laminated iron or steel to minimize energy losses. The coil connected to the power source is called the primary winding, while the coil that delivers the transformed voltage is known as the secondary winding. The turns ratio of the primary and secondary windings determines the voltage transformation ratio.

Transformers can be classified into two main types based on their voltage transformation ratio: step-up transformers, which increase the voltage, and step-down transformers, which decrease the voltage. They are essential in various applications, including power distribution, electrical equipment, and electronic devices. Transformers are designed to be highly efficient, with minimal energy losses, and they play a crucial role in maintaining the stability and reliability of electrical power systems.