feltételhatározó

A feltételhatározó, or conditional adverbial in English, is a syntactic construction in Hungarian grammar that expresses a condition under which a main clause action or state occurs. It is not a separate part of speech but rather a functional role that certain words or phrases can take on. Typically, a feltételhatározó is realized by a subordinate clause introduced by a conditional conjunction, most commonly if (ha).

The function of a feltételhatározó is to specify the circumstances or prerequisites that must be met for the proposition in the main clause to be true. For instance, in the sentence "Ha esik az eső, nem megyünk ki," (If it rains, we won't go out), the clause "Ha esik az eső" acts as the feltételhatározó, setting the condition for not going out.

While "ha" is the most prevalent conditional conjunction, other expressions can also fulfill this role, sometimes implying a stronger or more specific type of condition. The feltételhatározó is crucial for constructing complex sentences and conveying nuanced meanings related to cause and effect, possibility, and hypothetical situations. It is a fundamental element in understanding Hungarian sentence structure and expressing conditional logic.