felszívódásról

Felszívódás refers to the process by which substances are absorbed into the body, typically through a biological membrane. This is a fundamental biological and physiological process crucial for the survival of organisms. In humans and other animals, the primary site for nutrient absorption is the small intestine. Here, digested food molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, pass through the intestinal wall and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system.

The efficiency of felszívódás depends on several factors, including the surface area of the absorptive membrane, the concentration gradient of the substance, and the presence of specific transport mechanisms. The small intestine is highly adapted for absorption, featuring villi and microvilli that vastly increase its surface area. Different nutrients are absorbed via various mechanisms, including passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.

Beyond digestion, felszívódás is also a critical concept in pharmacology. When medications are administered orally, they must be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream to exert their therapeutic effects. The rate and extent of drug felszívódás influence its bioavailability, which is the proportion of the administered dose that reaches the systemic circulation. Factors like food intake, gastrointestinal motility, and the drug's chemical properties can all impact drug absorption. The term can also be used more broadly in other contexts, such as the absorption of water by soil or the absorption of light by a material, though its primary biological meaning is most common.