fattoush

Fattoush is a Levantine salad from the Middle East that combines fresh vegetables with toasted or fried pieces of flatbread. It is noted for its crisp texture and bright flavors, largely achieved by a dressing featuring lemon and sumac. Core ingredients typically include romaine lettuce or mixed greens, tomatoes, cucumbers, radishes, and onions, along with herbs such as parsley and mint. The crispy pita pieces are essential to the dish’s character.

Origin and name: Fattoush is associated with the Levant, including Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, and Jordan. The name is Arabic and is commonly linked to bread in the salad, though the precise etymology is not certain. The recipe varies by country and family, with local herbs, vegetables, and levels of spice influencing the result.

Preparation: The bread is toasted or fried until crisp and then broken into irregular shards. The vegetables and herbs are chopped and tossed with the bread shards, and a dressing of lemon juice, olive oil, salt, pepper, and ground sumac is added. Some versions incorporate garlic, cucumber, or pomegranate seeds to adjust texture and sweetness.

Serving and notes: Fattoush is typically served at room temperature as a mezze dish or light main course. It is a vegetarian and dairy-free option in many households and restaurants. For best texture, the salad is assembled just before serving to keep the bread crunchy; excess dressing can cause sogginess if stored.