farmakokinetikës

Farmakokinetika, meaning "drug movement," describes how the body affects a drug over time. It encompasses four primary processes: absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, often abbreviated as ADME. Absorption is the process by which a drug enters the bloodstream from its site of administration. Distribution refers to the movement of the drug from the bloodstream to various tissues and organs in the body. Metabolism, primarily occurring in the liver, involves the biochemical modification of drugs into other compounds, often making them easier to excrete. Finally, excretion is the removal of the drug and its metabolites from the body, mainly through the kidneys in urine, but also via feces, sweat, or breath. Understanding these pharmacokinetic principles is crucial for determining appropriate drug dosages, dosing intervals, and routes of administration to achieve therapeutic effects while minimizing toxicity. Factors such as age, disease state, and interactions with other drugs can significantly influence a drug's pharmacokinetic profile.