farmakogenomice

Farmakogenomika, also known as pharmacogenomics, is the study of how genetic variations influence an individual's response to drugs. This field combines pharmacology, the study of drugs, and genomics, the study of genes and their functions. By understanding the genetic makeup of individuals, farmakogenomika aims to predict how a person will respond to a specific medication, including the likelihood of experiencing side effects or the effectiveness of the drug.

The human genome contains approximately 20,000 to 25,000 genes, each with multiple variations that can affect how a person metabolizes drugs. These variations can lead to differences in drug metabolism, absorption, distribution, and excretion, which in turn can influence the therapeutic response and side effects of medications.

Farmakogenomika has significant implications for personalized medicine, where treatments are tailored to the individual characteristics of each patient. By identifying genetic markers associated with drug response, healthcare providers can select the most appropriate medication and dosage for a patient, potentially improving treatment outcomes and reducing adverse effects.

The field of farmakogenomika is still in its early stages, with ongoing research aimed at identifying and validating genetic markers for various drugs. As our understanding of the human genome and its interaction with drugs continues to grow, farmakogenomika is expected to play an increasingly important role in modern medicine.