existujú

Existují is a Czech verb form that means “they exist” or, in a broader sense, “there exist.” It is the third person plural present tense of the verb existovat, which denotes existence or being present. The corresponding singular forms are existuje (he/she/it exists) and existují (they exist) for plural, with other person forms used in different subjects and tenses.

Etymology and classification: existovat is a standard Czech verb of the -ovat class. It is widely regarded as a loanword from Latin existere, often mediated through other European languages such as German or French, where cognates like existieren or exister exist. The word exists in modern Czech with a broad semantic range related to presence, being, and existence, and it forms a core part of philosophical and everyday discourse.

Usage and semantics: existovat is used to state that something or someone is present or has being. It appears in existential constructions and can take various subjects, from tangible objects to abstract concepts. Examples: “Existují dvě knihy na stole.” (There are two books on the table.) “V této teorii existují určité problémy.” (In this theory there exist certain problems.) The verb is imperfective, commonly used to describe ongoing existence or general facts, with past and future forms created through auxiliary constructs or perfective verbs.

Related terms: the noun existence in Czech is existence (feminine noun), used in philosophical and general contexts. Related concepts include existence as a category of being and the field of existentialism (existencialismus). The verb existovat contrasts with the noun and with related verbs such as žít (to live) in nuanced discussions of being and presence.