excitabilitását
Excitabilitását (excitability) refers to the property of a cell or tissue to respond to a stimulus with a detectable electrical or chemical signal. In biology, excitability is most evident in nerve and muscle cells, where it underpins nerve transmission and muscle contraction. It arises from the cell membrane’s capacity to regulate ion flow through channels, pumps, and exchangers that maintain ionic gradients for ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride.
The core mechanism involves changes in the membrane potential. A stimulus that depolarizes the membrane toward
Excitability is influenced by several factors, including ion concentration, temperature, pH, and pharmacological agents that modify
Clinical relevance lies in conditions where excitability is altered. Hyperexcitability can contribute to seizures and chronic
In summary, excitabilitását describes the capacity of cells to translate stimuli into electrical or chemical signals,