esperimento

Esperimento is the Italian noun for experiment. The term derives from Latin experīmentum, from experīrī to try or test. In general use, an esperimento is a deliberate procedure undertaken to verify a hypothesis, demonstrate a phenomenon, or explore causal relations between variables.

In science, experiments are designed to isolate variables and establish causal relationships. A typical setup involves an independent variable introduced by the researcher, a dependent variable measured, and manipulated or controlled variables kept constant. Randomization and replication help reduce bias and improve reliability.

Common types include laboratory experiments with controlled conditions, field experiments conducted in real-world settings, and thought experiments that reason about hypothetical scenarios without physical execution.

Ethical considerations apply, particularly when humans or animals are involved. Documentation and reporting emphasize reproducibility and transparency, with results that are either quantitative or qualitative. Conclusions are drawn from statistical analysis or thematic interpretation and are subject to peer review.

Beyond science, the term is used in education, industry, and everyday language to denote a test of a method, a product, or an idea.