epithetsdescriptive

Descriptive epithet, also called descriptive epithet or descriptive epithet phrase, is a descriptive word or short phrase that characterizes a person, place, or thing. The term derives from Greek epithetos, meaning “placed upon” or “attributed name,” and in English usage an epithet is often a byname or nickname that highlights a notable attribute.

In classical literature, descriptive epithets are a prominent feature of epic style. They appear as fixed descriptors that recur with certain figures, such as “swift-footed Achilles” or “rosy-fingered dawn.” These phrases can serve mnemonic or metrical purposes in poetry and help listeners recognize characters quickly. They also contribute to the world-building and prestige of the narrative by foregrounding salient qualities.

Modern and historical prose frequently employ descriptive epithets to convey impression or to title a person. Examples include bynames such as “Alexander the Great” or “the Iron Lady.” While many descriptive epithets function as identifiers, they can also reflect social or political judgments and may become conventionalized over time. They are distinct from purely formal or hereditary names, though overlap can occur when a descriptor becomes an enduring part of a name.

Notes on usage and style: descriptive epithets are most common in poetry and biographical or narrative writing. Authors use them with care to avoid cliché, overlong repetition, or unintended offense. When employed, they help establish tone, emphasize a trait, or assist in character distinction.