epiteloidních

Epiteloidní refers to a microscopic appearance of cells that resemble epithelial cells. This term is primarily used in pathology and histology to describe cells that have a distinct morphology, often characterized by abundant, eosinophilic (pink-staining) cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei, and sometimes prominent nucleoli. These cells are not necessarily true epithelial cells but rather exhibit a similar cellular form.

The epiteloid appearance can be observed in various pathological conditions, most notably in inflammatory processes and tumors. In inflammation, macrophages or histiocytes can differentiate into epiteloid cells, forming granulomas. These epiteloid histiocytes are a hallmark of certain chronic inflammatory conditions such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and fungal infections. Their formation is a cellular response to persistent antigens or irritants.

In the realm of oncology, tumors can also exhibit epiteloid differentiation. For instance, some types of sarcomas, carcinomas, and melanomas can present with epiteloid morphology. The epiteloid nature of tumor cells can sometimes lead to diagnostic challenges, as it can mimic benign inflammatory conditions. Careful examination of nuclear features, mitotic activity, and architectural patterns is crucial for accurate diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry often plays a vital role in distinguishing between reactive epiteloid cells and malignant epiteloid neoplasms. The term "epiteloid" therefore describes a specific cellular phenotype rather than a definitive cell lineage.