enteroviirus

Enteroviruses are a group of viruses that belong to the Picornaviridae family. They are small, non-enveloped viruses with a single-stranded RNA genome. Enteroviruses are responsible for a wide range of human diseases, including the common cold, hand, foot, and mouth disease, and various types of encephalitis. They are also associated with certain types of cancer, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Enteroviruses are transmitted through direct contact with infected individuals, contaminated surfaces, or through respiratory droplets. They can survive on surfaces for extended periods, making them a common cause of outbreaks in settings such as schools, daycare centers, and healthcare facilities.

The diagnosis of enterovirus infection typically involves laboratory testing, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or viral culture, to detect the presence of viral RNA or proteins. There is no specific antiviral treatment for enterovirus infections, and management focuses on supportive care to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.

Vaccines are available for some enterovirus infections, such as polio and coxsackievirus B4, which is a cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease. Vaccination is an effective way to prevent these infections and reduce the overall burden of enterovirus-related diseases.