energitarbimises

Energitarbimine refers to the total amount of energy used by an entity—such as a household, a business, a sector, or an entire country—to carry out activities over a given period. It is typically expressed in energy units such as kilowatt-hours (kWh), terawatt-hours (TWh), or tonnes of oil equivalent (toe). Per-capita and energy-intensity measures are used to compare energy use across populations and over time.

Energy consumption is commonly divided into sectors: residential and services, transport, industry, and agriculture. Household energy use includes heating, cooling, lighting, and appliances; transport covers road, rail, air, and shipping; industry comprises manufacturing and mining. Local climate, urban structure, technology, and policy shape sectoral energy demand.

Key concepts include energy intensity and energy efficiency. Energy intensity is energy consumed per unit of economic output, typically measured as energy use per gross domestic product (GDP). Energy efficiency describes improvements that deliver the same service with less energy. Policies such as appliance standards, building codes, and industrial efficiency programs aim to lower energy demand while sustaining activity.

Global patterns show rising total energy consumption with population and economic growth, but gains in efficiency and shifts toward less energy-intensive energy sources have moderated growth rates. Data come from international organizations (for example, the IEA) and national statistical offices; methodologies vary, so cross-country comparisons require careful interpretation. Understanding energitarbimine informs discussions of resource use, energy security, emissions, and policy options. See also energy efficiency, energy policy.