endocytoz
Endocytoz, also known as endocytosis, is a cellular process by which the plasma membrane envelops extracellular material, forming vesicles that ferry cargo into the cell. It is central to nutrition, receptor regulation, and innate immunity, and is powered by ATP and cytoskeletal remodeling, particularly actin. Endocytosis occurs through several pathways that share the basic mechanism of membrane invagination but differ in cargo size, selectivity, and molecular machinery.
Phagocytosis involves the intake of large particles like bacteria or dead cells, primarily by specialized cells
After internalization, vesicles fuse with early endosomes, where cargo is sorted. Some receptors are recycled to
Defects or alterations in endocytosis are associated with diseases including hypercholesterolemia, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer, while