elektrostatikában

Elektrostatika is the branch of physics that studies stationary electric charges and the forces between them. It is a fundamental area of electromagnetism. The core principle of electrostatics is Coulomb's Law, which describes the force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges. This force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Like charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract.

Electric fields are another key concept in electrostatics. An electric field is a region around a charged object where another charged object would experience a force. The direction of the electric field is defined as the direction of the force on a positive test charge. The strength of the electric field is measured in volts per meter or newtons per coulomb.

Electric potential, or voltage, is the amount of work needed to move a unit positive charge from a reference point to a specific point in an electric field. Electric potential difference between two points is what drives electric current in conductors, though electrostatics specifically deals with the case where charges are not in motion.

Applications of electrostatics are diverse and include technologies like photocopiers, electrostatic precipitators used for air pollution control, and Van de Graaff generators used for generating high voltages in scientific research and education. Understanding electrostatics is crucial for comprehending many electrical phenomena and designing electrical devices.