elektrokatalyzátoru

Elektrokatalyzátor is a substance that increases the rate of an electrochemical reaction without being consumed in the process. It facilitates the transfer of electrons between a reactant and an electrode, thereby lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. These materials are crucial components in various electrochemical devices, including fuel cells, batteries, electrolyzers, and sensors.

The effectiveness of an elektrokatalyzátor is determined by several factors, such as its chemical composition, surface area, electrical conductivity, and stability under operating conditions. Common examples of elektrokatalyzátors include noble metals like platinum, palladium, and ruthenium, often supported on high-surface-area materials such as carbon. Non-noble metal catalysts, metal oxides, nitrides, and phosphides are also being developed as more cost-effective alternatives.

In fuel cells, elektrokatalyzátors promote the oxidation of fuel at the anode and the reduction of the oxidant at the cathode, generating electricity. In electrolyzers, they facilitate the splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen or the production of other valuable chemicals. The design and selection of appropriate elektrokatalyzátors are key to improving the efficiency, durability, and economic viability of these electrochemical technologies. Research continues to focus on developing novel elektrokatalyzátors with enhanced performance and reduced reliance on expensive precious metals.