elektrijaotussüsteemides

An elektrijaotussüsteem (electricity distribution system) is the part of an electrical power system that delivers electricity from the transmission system to the end consumers. It typically operates at lower voltages than the transmission system. The primary function of an elektrijaotussüsteem is to step down the high voltages from the transmission lines to a level suitable for residential, commercial, and industrial use.

The system comprises various components, including substations, distribution lines (overhead and underground), transformers, and protective devices. Substations play a crucial role by housing transformers that reduce voltage and switchgear for controlling and protecting the network. Distribution lines carry electricity from substations to the consumers' premises. Transformers are essential for further voltage reduction at local levels, such as on utility poles or in underground vaults, to match the specific voltage requirements of different types of users.

Protective devices like circuit breakers and fuses are integrated to safeguard the system and consumers from overloads and short circuits, automatically disconnecting power when faults occur. The design and management of an elektrijaotussüsteem are complex, aiming for reliability, efficiency, and safety. Modern systems are increasingly incorporating smart grid technologies to improve monitoring, control, and integration of distributed energy resources.