electromyográfia

Electromyography, often abbreviated as EMG, is a diagnostic technique used to assess the health of muscles and the nerves that control them. It involves measuring the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. During an EMG, small electrodes are either placed on the skin's surface (needle electrodes) or inserted directly into the muscle. These electrodes detect the electrical impulses generated when a muscle contracts and relaxes. The signals are then amplified and displayed on a monitor, allowing a healthcare professional to analyze the pattern, amplitude, and duration of the electrical activity.

The results of an EMG can help diagnose various neuromuscular disorders, such as carpal tunnel syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and muscular dystrophy. It can also help distinguish between muscle diseases and nerve diseases, and assess the severity of nerve or muscle damage. In some cases, EMG may be performed in conjunction with nerve conduction studies (NCS), which measure the speed and strength of electrical signals traveling along nerves. This combined approach provides a more comprehensive evaluation of the neuromuscular system. The procedure is generally safe and well-tolerated, though some discomfort may be experienced during needle insertion.