egoideal

The ego ideal is a concept in psychoanalytic theory, primarily associated with Sigmund Freud and later elaborated by ego psychology. It represents an internalized standard of perfection that the ego strives to attain. This standard is formed through identification with parental figures, significant others, and societal norms, particularly during childhood. It's not necessarily conscious but influences an individual's self-esteem, aspirations, and moral judgment.

The ego ideal is distinct from the ego itself, which is the part of the psyche that mediates between the id's desires, the superego's demands, and external reality. The ego ideal functions as a blueprint or a goal for the ego. When the ego meets the standards of the ego ideal, it experiences feelings of pride and self-worth. Conversely, when there is a perceived failure to live up to these internalized standards, it can lead to feelings of guilt, shame, inadequacy, and low self-esteem.

The superego, another key component of Freudian metapsychology, is closely related to the ego ideal. The superego encompasses both the conscience (which punishes with guilt) and the ego ideal (which rewards with pride). Thus, the ego ideal is a part of the superego, representing the aspirations and positive ideals rather than the punitive prohibitions. Developmental psychology explores how the ego ideal is formed and evolves throughout a person's life, influenced by experiences and social interactions.