ecologiei
Ecology is the branch of biology that studies the relationships between organisms and their environment. It investigates how living beings interact with each other and with their physical surroundings, how energy flows through ecosystems, and how nutrients cycle to sustain life.
Key concepts include ecosystems, populations, communities, and landscapes; biodiversity; food webs and trophic levels; and processes
Subfields encompass population ecology, community ecology, ecosystem ecology, landscape ecology, behavioral ecology, microbial ecology, and conservation
Researchers use field observations, controlled experiments, mathematical and computational models, and tools such as remote sensing
Ecology informs environmental policy and practice by identifying ecosystem services—such as food, water purification, pollination, carbon