dtis

DTIs are acronyms that can refer to more than one field. The two principal meanings are diffusion tensor imaging in medical imaging and drug-target interactions in pharmacology and drug discovery. Other uses exist, but these are the most common.

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an MRI-based technique that measures the diffusion of water molecules in tissue. By characterizing diffusion properties, DTI provides information about the microstructure of white matter and enables tractography to visualize major white matter pathways. Common metrics include fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD). DTI has applications in neuroscience, development, aging, and disease, including multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative disorders. Limitations include sensitivity to motion and eddy currents, susceptibility to crossing fibers, and interpretive ambiguity of diffusion measurements.

Drug-target interactions (DTIs) describe binding events between chemical compounds (drugs) and biological targets such as proteins, nucleic acids, or enzymes that mediate a drug's effect. Studying DTIs informs pharmacodynamics, selectivity, and safety. Characterization uses binding affinity, kinetics, and occupancy, and data come from experimental assays and computational methods. In drug discovery, mapping DTIs supports target prioritization, polypharmacology assessment, and repurposing, while off-target interactions can cause adverse effects. Databases and computational tools integrate DTIs to model interaction networks.

If used in context, the intended meaning should be inferred from the surrounding domain.