dosimetrische

Dosimetrische, or dosimetric, denotes the aspects related to dosimetry, the measurement, calculation, and assessment of absorbed radiation dose in materials and tissues. It is a cross‑cutting term used in medical physics, radiology, radiation protection, and radiobiology to quantify how much ionizing radiation is delivered or received.

Key quantities in dosimetry include absorbed dose, measured in gray (Gy), and equivalent dose, measured in sievert (Sv). Absorbed dose describes energy deposited per unit mass, while equivalent dose accounts for the biological effect of different radiation types using radiation weighting factors. Dose rate expresses how quickly dose accumulates, and dose distributions describe spatial variations within a subject or object.

Dosimetric measurements employ a range of devices, such as ionization chambers, thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD), optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters, semiconductor detectors, and film radiography. Calibration, quality assurance, and traceability to national or international standards are essential to ensure accuracy and comparability across devices and facilities.

Applications of dosimetry include treatment planning and verification in radiotherapy, where prescribed tumor doses must be delivered while sparing healthy tissue; diagnostic radiology and interventional procedures; nuclear medicine dosimetry; and occupational or environmental radiation monitoring. Computational dosimetry, including Monte Carlo simulations, supports complex dose calculations and personalized treatment planning.

Ongoing developments focus on three‑dimensional and real‑time dosimetry, gel and plastic dosimeters, and improved QA protocols, all aimed at enhancing patient safety, treatment efficacy, and regulatory compliance. Dosimetry remains foundational to protecting patients and workers from radiation exposure.