diyah

The term "diyah" refers to blood money or a financial compensation paid by an offender to the victim or their family in cases of homicide or serious injury. This concept is deeply rooted in Islamic jurisprudence and customary law in various Muslim-majority societies. The primary purpose of diyah is to provide a form of restitution and to prevent prolonged feuds or retaliation, thereby promoting social harmony and justice.

The calculation of diyah is often based on the value of a specific number of camels or an equivalent amount in currency. The precise amount can vary depending on factors such as the gender and status of the victim, as well as the specific legal school of thought or local customs being followed. In some contexts, diyah can be paid in installments. It is important to note that diyah is distinct from punitive damages; its aim is primarily compensatory and reconciliatory rather than retributive. The acceptance of diyah by the victim's family can, in some legal systems, preclude further criminal prosecution or the imposition of other penalties.