disakkarideilla

Disaccharides are carbohydrates formed by the chemical combination of two monosaccharides. They are a type of oligosaccharide. The linkage between the two monosaccharides is called a glycosidic bond, formed through a dehydration reaction where a molecule of water is removed. Common examples of disaccharides include sucrose, lactose, and maltose. Sucrose, commonly known as table sugar, is composed of glucose and fructose. Lactose, found in milk, consists of glucose and galactose. Maltose, often called malt sugar, is made up of two glucose units. Disaccharides are typically crystalline and soluble in water. They can be hydrolyzed back into their constituent monosaccharides by enzymatic action or by heating in the presence of acid. Humans obtain disaccharides through their diet, and their digestion involves enzymes in the small intestine that break them down into monosaccharides for absorption into the bloodstream. Certain disaccharides, like lactose, can cause digestive issues for individuals with specific enzyme deficiencies, such as lactose intolerance.