diferentsiaalsignaali

Diferentsiaalsignaali is a method of transmitting electrical signals that uses two complementary signals. These signals are transmitted over a pair of wires, and the receiver interprets the difference between the two signals. This technique is known as differential signaling.

The primary advantage of differential signaling is its improved noise immunity. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) tends to affect both wires of the pair equally. Because the receiver is looking for the difference between the signals, any common-mode noise that affects both wires similarly is effectively canceled out. This makes differential signaling ideal for applications where signals are transmitted over long distances or in environments with high levels of electrical noise.

Another benefit is that differential signaling can reduce electromagnetic emissions. Since the signals on the two wires are equal in magnitude but opposite in phase, their electromagnetic fields tend to cancel each other out, leading to lower radiated noise.

Common applications for differential signaling include high-speed data transmission like USB, Ethernet, and HDMI. It is also used in analog circuits, such as audio connections, to maintain signal integrity and reduce hum. The circuits that generate and receive differential signals are designed to maintain the precise balance and phase relationship between the two signal lines.