dielektrickými

Dielektrickými refers to the plural form of the Czech adjective "dielektrický," which translates to "dielectric" in English. A dielectric material is an electrical insulator that can be polarized by an applied electric field. When a dielectric material is placed in an electric field, its constituent molecules or atoms respond by reorienting or inducing dipoles. This polarization process effectively reduces the net electric field within the material.

Dielectric materials are characterized by their dielectric constant, a dimensionless quantity that indicates how well a dielectric material supports an electric field. A higher dielectric constant means the material can store more electrical energy in an electric field. Common examples of dielectric materials include ceramics, glass, rubber, and plastics.

In electrical engineering, dielectric materials are crucial components in capacitors, where they serve to increase capacitance and allow for smaller, more efficient designs. They are also used as insulating layers in electronic components, such as transistors and cables, to prevent short circuits and unwanted current flow. The study of dielectric materials, known as dielectrics, explores their electrical properties, behavior under electric fields, and applications in various technologies.