depolarizálódjon

Depolarizálódjon is a Hungarian verb that translates to "depolarize" in English. It describes the process of reducing or eliminating electrical polarization. In a biological context, it often refers to the change in membrane potential of a cell, particularly a neuron, where the interior of the cell becomes less negative and closer to zero. This change is crucial for nerve impulse transmission.

When a neuron is at rest, it maintains a resting potential, which is a polarized state with a negative charge inside the cell relative to the outside. When a stimulus is applied, ion channels open, allowing positive ions to flow into the cell. This influx of positive charge causes the membrane potential to become less negative, and in some cases, can even become positive. This transition from a polarized state to a less polarized or depolarized state is what is meant by "depolarizálódjon."

This depolarization is the fundamental mechanism that allows electrical signals to propagate along nerve fibers. If the depolarization reaches a certain threshold, it triggers an action potential, the electrical impulse that carries information throughout the nervous system. Conversely, if the depolarization is not sufficient to reach the threshold, it remains a subthreshold depolarization and does not lead to an action potential. The concept of depolarization is also relevant in other areas of science and engineering where electrical potential differences are significant.