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Antioch, also known as Antiochia, was an ancient city located in modern-day Turkey, near the Mediterranean coast. It was founded by Seleucus I Nicator, the Seleucid ruler, in 300 BCE. Antioch became a significant center of the Seleucid Empire and later the Roman Empire, serving as a major administrative and cultural hub.

The city was renowned for its strategic location and its role as a crossroads for trade and communication. It was also a place of worship, with numerous temples dedicated to various deities, including Zeus, Artemis, and Apollo. Antioch was also home to a large Jewish community, which played a significant role in the spread of Christianity in the region.

During the Roman period, Antioch was a major city with a population of over 200,000 people. It was known for its grand architecture, including theodora, a large theater, and a stadium. The city was also home to a significant Christian community, and it was from Antioch that the Apostle Paul is believed to have preached to the Gentiles.

In the 7th century, Antioch was conquered by the Arabs and became a center of Islamic learning and culture. The city's decline began in the 13th century when it was captured by the Mongols. Today, the ruins of Antioch can still be seen, serving as a testament to its rich history and cultural significance.