csontfelszívó

csontfelszívó (lit. bone extractor) is the Hungarian term for bone marrow, the soft, spongy tissue situated within the cavities of long bones and flat bones such as the skull, sternum, ribs, and pelvis. The primary functions of bone marrow are hematopoiesis, the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, and the storage of fat for energy reserves. Bone marrow consists of two distinct types: red marrow and yellow marrow. Red marrow is richly vascularized and actively involved in blood cell production, whereas yellow marrow is composed mainly of adipocytes and can regenerate into red marrow under certain physiological conditions such as severe anemia or trauma.

In medical practice, the term csontfelszívó is also used to describe bone marrow aspirations or biopsies, procedures that sample marrow for diagnostic purposes in conditions such as leukemia, lymphoma, and bone marrow failure syndromes. The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia with a narrow needle inserted through the bone into the marrow cavity. The sample is examined microscopically for cellular composition, malignancy, and other pathological changes.

Bone marrow also plays an important role in the immune system, providing a niche for hematopoietic stem cells and supporting immunological cells that respond to infections and injuries. In recent years, bone marrow transplantation has become a well-established therapeutic option for a variety of hematologic diseases, and research continues to explore the use of mesenchymal stem cells derived from marrow for regenerative medicine applications.